Chitoliro chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi ductile: Chinsinsi cha zomangamanga zodalirika zamadzi ndi ntchito yoyesera mphamvu

Chitoliro chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi ductile, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimatchedwa chitoliro chopangidwa ndi ductile, ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri la zomangamanga zamakono zamadzi.Chitoliro cha madzi chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi ductileNdi chisankho chabwino kwambiri pa ntchito zoperekera madzi m'matauni, kasamalidwe ka madzi otayira, ndi ntchito zoyendera madzi m'mafakitale. Mapaipi awa ali ndi mphamvu yolimbana ndi kugwedezeka kwambiri. Izi ndizofunikira chifukwa amafunika kuthana ndi kugundana osati kokha panthawi yoyika ndi katundu wowopsa komanso kugwedezeka panthawi yoyendetsa komanso nyengo zovuta zachilengedwe. Kuti atsimikizire kuti akugwira ntchito bwino kwa nthawi yayitali, mayeso okhwima komanso ofanana amafunika.
Njira yayikulu yowunikira khalidwe lofunikali ndi Charpy impact test. Ndi muyezo wodziwika bwino padziko lonse lapansi, kutsatira malamulo monga ASTM A370 (kuchokera ku US) kapena ISO 148 (yapadziko lonse). Umu ndi momwe imagwirira ntchito: Choyamba, zitsanzo zimadulidwa mosamala kuchokera ku zenizenichitoliro cha ductileZigawo. Kenako, amapangidwa kukhala mipiringidzo ya 10mm×10mm×55mm yokhala ndi mipiringidzo ya V – notches kapena U – notches. Mipiringidzo iyi imapangidwa kuti ifike kutentha kwinakwake. Kumadera ozizira – nyengo, kutentha nthawi zambiri kumakhala pafupifupi – 20°C, pomwe kumadera otentha, kumakhala pafupifupi 20°C. Pambuyo pake, pendulum yolinganizidwa imasiyidwa kuti igunde chitsanzo chodulidwa. Mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene chitsanzo chikusweka imayesedwa mu ma joules. Mphamvu imeneyi ikakwera, chitoliro chimakhala cholimba kwambiri. Izi zikutanthauza kuti chitoliro chamadzi chachitsulo chosungunuka sichidzasweka kapena kulephera mwadzidzidzi chifukwa cha mphamvu ya makina.

Kwa anthu omwe akufuna kugula mapaipi achitsulo chopopera, kumvetsetsa njira yoyesera kukhudzidwa ndikofunika kwambiri. Zimawathandiza kudziwa mtengo wa mapaipi achitsulo chopopera ndikuwona ngati ndi abwino. Ubwino wake ndi wapamwamba kwambiri.chitoliro chachitsulo chosungunukazomwe zatsimikiziridwa ndi anthu ena kuti sizingawononge mphamvu yamagetsi zitha kukhala zodula pang'ono. Koma kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri tsopano kungapulumutse ndalama zambiri pakapita nthawi. Zingathe kuletsa kukonza kokwera mtengo, kukonza mwadzidzidzi, komanso nthawi yopuma. Ogulitsa abwino nthawi zonse amayesa mapaipi nthawi zonse. Amaperekanso zikalata zambiri, monga satifiketi yoyesera kuchokera ku mabungwe odziwika bwino monga ANSI kapena BSI. Zikalata izi zimatsimikizira kuti mapaipi awo opangidwa ndi ductile amakwaniritsa kapena ndi abwino kuposa miyezo yamakampani.
Mukamayika ndalama mu zomangamanga zofunika zamadzi, musaiwale kufunika kwa kuyesa kukana kukhudzidwa ndi mphamvu. Kuyesa kumeneku ndi chitsimikizo chachikulu chakuti chitoliro chanu chachitsulo chopangidwa ndi ductile chidzagwira ntchito modalirika, mosamala, komanso moyenera kwa zaka zambiri. Kungachepetse kutayikira kwa mapaipi ndikuchepetsa mtengo wonse wa maboma ndi ogwira ntchito m'mafakitale. Chifukwa chake, nthawi zonse samalani ndi kuyesa kofunikira kumeneku popanga chisankho chogula mapaipi achitsulo chopangidwa ndi ductile. Mwanjira imeneyi, mutha kutsimikizira kuti pali dongosolo lamadzi lokhalitsa komanso lothandiza.
Pomaliza, mapaipi achitsulo chopangidwa ndi ductile ndi ofunikira pa zomangamanga zamakono zamadzi. Kuyesa kwa Charpy ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakutsimikizira kuti ndi abwino. Pomvetsetsa mayesowa, ogula amatha kupanga zisankho zabwino pankhani yogula kwawo. Ndipo pa zomangamanga zonse zamadzi, kuyesa koyenera kwa ductile ndiye chinsinsi cha dongosolo lokhazikika komanso lotsika mtengo. Kaya ndi polojekiti yamadzi ya tawuni yaying'ono kapena fakitale yayikulu yamafakitale, kudalirika kwa mapaipi achitsulo chopangidwa ndi ductile kumadalira mayeso ofunikira awa.