Mliri wa COVID-19 umachulukitsa "chitukuko chatsopano" cholimbikitsa ndalama

Chifukwa chomwe "zomangamanga zatsopano" zimatchedwa "zatsopano" ndizogwirizana ndi zida zachikhalidwe monga "ndege yachitsulo", yomwe imathandizira kwambiri gawo la sayansi ndi ukadaulo.Ntchito yofananira ya mbiri yakale ya "zomangamanga zatsopano" ndi "dziko" lomwe linaperekedwa ndi Purezidenti wa US Clinton mu 1993. "Information Superhighway", zomangamanga zazikuluzikulu za zomangamanga m'munda wa chidziwitso, ndondomekoyi yakhudza kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo adapanga ulemerero wamtsogolo wa chuma chambiri cha US.Mu nthawi ya chuma cha mafakitale, zomangamanga zimawonekera pakulimbikitsa chuma chakuthupi Kuthamanga ndi kuphatikizika kwa njira zothandizira;mu nthawi ya chuma digito, kulankhulana mafoni, deta lalikulu, nzeru yokumba ndi zipangizo zina maukonde zipangizo ndi malo deta malo zakhala zofunika ndi chilengedwe chonse.

"Mapangidwe atsopano" omwe akunenedwa pano ali ndi tanthauzo lalikulu komanso zolinga zantchito zambiri.Mwachitsanzo, 5G ndi yolumikizirana ndi mafoni, UHV ndi yamagetsi, njanji yothamanga kwambiri komanso mayendedwe apakati pa njanji ndi mayendedwe, malo akulu azidziwitso ndi ntchito za intaneti ndi digito, nzeru zopangira komanso intaneti yamakampani ndi malo olemera komanso osiyanasiyana.Izi zitha kuyambitsa vuto kuti chilichonse chimalowetsedwamo, koma izi zimagwirizananso ndi mawu oti "zatsopano" chifukwa zatsopano zikukula nthawi zonse.

Mu 2019, mabungwe okhudzidwa adakonza nkhokwe ya polojekiti ya PPP, ndi ndalama zonse za 17,6 yuan thililiyoni, ndi zomangamanga zikadali mutu waukulu, 7.1 thililiyoni yuan, wowerengera 41%;malo ndi malo achiwiri, 3.4 thililiyoni yuan, ndi 20%;"Mapangidwe atsopano" ndi pafupifupi 100 biliyoni ya yuan, omwe amawerengera pafupifupi 0.5%, ndipo kuchuluka kwake sikwakukulu.Malinga ndi ziwerengero za 21st Century Business Herald, kuyambira pa Marichi 5, mndandanda wa mapulani azachuma amtsogolo omwe adaperekedwa ndi zigawo 24 ndi matauni afupikitsidwa, okhudza ma projekiti 22,000, okhala ndi yuan 47.6 thililiyoni, ndikuyika ndalama zokwana 8 thililiyoni. yuan mu 2020. Gawo la "zomangamanga zatsopano" lili kale pafupi ndi 10%.

Panthawi ya mliriwu, chuma cha digito chawonetsa nyonga zamphamvu, ndipo mitundu yambiri ya digito monga moyo wamtambo, ofesi yamtambo, ndi chuma chamtambo zakhala zikuphulika mwamphamvu, ndikuwonjezera chidwi chatsopano pakumanga kwa "mapangidwe atsopano".Pambuyo pa mliriwu, kulingalira za zolimbikitsa zachuma, "zomangamanga zatsopano" zidzakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ndalama zambiri, ndikutsimikiziranso zoyembekeza zolimbikitsa kukula kwachuma.

Kuchuluka kwazitsulo m'madera asanu ndi awiri

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa madera asanu ndi awiri akuluakulu a "mapangidwe atsopano" akutengera chuma cha digito ndi chuma chanzeru.Makampani azitsulo adzapindula ndi mphamvu zatsopano za kinetic ndi mphamvu zatsopano zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi "zomangamanga zatsopano" kumtunda wapamwamba, komanso zidzakhala "Infrastructure" zimapereka zofunikira zofunikira.

Zosankhidwa ndi minda isanu ndi iwiri ndi mphamvu zazitsulo zazitsulo zachitsulo, kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, ndi njanji yothamanga kwambiri komanso yodutsa njanji, UHV, mulu wothamangitsa galimoto yatsopano, 5G base station, data center yaikulu, Internet mafakitale, luntha lochita kupanga.

Malinga ndi National Railway's "Thirteenth Five-year Plan" ya National Railway's Plan, njanji yothamanga kwambiri ya 2020 ikhala ma kilomita 30,000.Mu 2019, mtunda womwe ukuyenda wa njanji yothamanga kwambiri wafika makilomita 35,000, ndipo cholinga chapitilizidwa pasadakhale nthawi yake. ” zomwe njanji yothamanga kwambiri idzakhala makilomita 2 000. Cholingacho chidzakhala pa zofooka, ma intaneti obisika, ndi Kukula kwa ndalama kudzakhala chimodzimodzi mu 2019. Potsutsana ndi maziko a mapangidwe amtundu wa msana wa dziko, mu 2019, chiwerengero chonse mtunda wa mayendedwe a m'tawuni m'dzikoli adzafika makilomita 6,730, kuwonjezeka kwa makilomita 969, ndi mphamvu ndalama adzakhala padziko biliyoni 700. Motsogozedwa ndi kumatheka buku la "chitukuko latsopano" ndondomeko , Kulumikizana kwa Chigawo pansi pa maukonde a msana, ntchito zolembera , zomwe ndi njanji zothamanga kwambiri komanso zodutsa njanji zodutsa pakati pa njanji, ndiye azidzayang'ana ntchito yomanga mtsogolo.Mtsinje wa Yangtze, Zhuhai Malinga ndi ndondomeko ya "Shanghai 2035", Changjiang, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei ndi Changjiang adzapanga "makilomita atatu a 1000" oyendetsa njanji m'mizinda, mizere yolumikizana, ndi m'deralo. mizere.Ndalama zokwana madola 100 miliyoni a US mu njanji zimafuna osachepera 0.333 zitsulo zogwiritsira ntchito Pali ndalama zokwana madola 1 thililiyoni a US kuti ayendetse kufunikira kwa matani 3333 azitsulo, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali ndi zipangizo zomangira ndi njanji.

UHV.Mundawu umayendetsedwa makamaka ndi State Grid.Tsopano zikuwonekeratu kuti mu 2020, ma UHV 7 adzavomerezedwa.Kukoka kwachitsulo kumeneku kumawonekera makamaka muzitsulo zamagetsi.Mu 2019, kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zamagetsi ndi matani 979, komwe kwakwera ndi 6.6% kangapo.Pambuyo pakuwonjezeka kwa ndalama za gridi yobweretsedwa ndi UHV, kufunikira kwazitsulo zamagetsi kukuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka.

Kulipiritsa mulu wa magalimoto amphamvu atsopano.Malinga ndi "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan", chiŵerengero cha kuwonongeka ndi 1: 1, ndipo padzakhala milu yolipiritsa pafupifupi 7 miliyoni ku China pofika chaka cha 2025. Mulu wolipiritsa makamaka umaphatikizapo zida zogwiritsira ntchito, zingwe, mizati ndi zipangizo zina zothandizira. .Mulu wolipira wa 7KW umawononga pafupifupi 20,000, ndipo 120KW imafuna pafupifupi 150,000.Kuchuluka kwachitsulo kwa milu yaying'ono yolipiritsa kumachepetsedwa.Zazikuluzikulu zidzaphatikiza zitsulo zina zamabulaketi.Kuwerengera pafupifupi matani 0.5 iliyonse, milu yolipiritsa ya 7 miliyoni imafunikira pafupifupi matani 350 achitsulo.

5G base station.Malinga ndi kuneneratu kwa China Information Communication Institute, ndalama za dziko langa pakumanga maukonde a 5G zikuyembekezeka kufika 1.2 thililiyoni yuan pofika 2025;ndalama zogulira zida za 5G mu 2020 zidzakhala 90.2 biliyoni, zomwe 45.1 biliyoni zidzayikidwa pazida zazikulu, ndi zida zina zothandizira monga ma communications tower masts zidzaphatikizidwa.Zomangamanga za 5G zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri ya ma macro base station ndi ma micro base station.Chinsanja chachikulu chakunja ndi malo oyambira ma macro base komanso komwe kumayang'aniridwa ndi zomangamanga zazikuluzikulu zamakono.Kumanga kwa macro base station kumapangidwa ndi zida zazikulu, zida zothandizira mphamvu, zomangamanga, ndi zina zambiri. Chitsulo chomwe chilipo ndi chipinda cha makina, makabati, makabati, miyeso ya nsanja yolumikizirana, ndi zina zambiri. chifukwa chochulukirachulukira, ndipo kulemera kwa nsanja wamba yamachubu atatu ndi pafupifupi matani 8.5, koma malo ambiri oyambira ndi masiteshoni ang'onoang'ono adzadalira 2/3/4G ndi zida zina zoyankhulirana.Ma Micro base station amayikidwa makamaka m'malo okhala ndi anthu ambiri, osagwiritsa ntchito chitsulo pang'ono.Choncho, kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zonse zoyendetsedwa ndi masiteshoni a 5G sikudzakhala kwakukulu.Pafupifupi molingana ndi ndalama zoyambira 5%, chitsulo chimafunika, ndipo ndalama zokwana madola thililiyoni pa 5G zimayendetsa zitsulo kuti zichuluke pafupifupi 50 biliyoni.

Big data Center, luntha lochita kupanga, intaneti yamakampani.The hardware ndalama makamaka mu zipinda kompyuta, maseva, etc., poyerekeza ndi zina zinayi madera, molunjika zitsulo mowa ndi zochepa.

Kuwona "New Infrastructure" Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zitsulo kuchokera ku Guangdong Samples

Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera asanu ndi awiri akuluakulu zimasiyanasiyana, chifukwa maulendo a njanji amawerengera gawo lalikulu la ndalama zatsopano zopangira zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga, zidzakhala zoonekeratu kuti kulimbikitsa zitsulo.Malinga ndi mndandanda wa ntchito zopangira ndalama zofalitsidwa ndi Chigawo cha Guangdong, pali ntchito zomanga zazikulu 1,230 mu 2020, ndikuyika ndalama zokwana 5.9 thililiyoni yuan, ndi mapulojekiti oyambira 868, ndikuyika ndalama zokwana 3.4 thililiyoni.Zomangamanga zatsopanozi ndi ndendende 1 thililiyoni wa yuan, zomwe zimawerengera 10% ya ndondomeko yonse ya ndalama zokwana 9.3 thililiyoni.

Ponseponse, ndalama zonse zoyendera masitima apamtunda ndi masitima apamtunda ndi 906.9 biliyoni ya yuan, zomwe ndi 90%.Chiwerengero cha ndalama za 90% ndi malo omwe ali ndi zitsulo zambiri, ndipo chiwerengero cha 39 ntchito ndi chochulukirapo kuposa cha madera ena.sum.Malinga ndi zomwe bungwe la National Development and Reform Commission linanena, chivomerezo cha ntchito zoyendera njanji zapakati pa mizinda ndi matauni wafika kale ma thililiyoni.Tikuyembekezeredwa kuti derali likhala gawo lalikulu lazachuma pazomangamanga zatsopano malinga ndi kukula ndi kuchuluka kwake.

Choncho, "zomangamanga zatsopano" ndi mwayi kwa mafakitale azitsulo kuti apititse patsogolo ubwino wake ndi mphamvu zake, ndipo adzapanganso malo atsopano opangira zitsulo.