Mliri wa COVID-19 umachulukitsa "chitukuko chatsopano" cholimbikitsa ndalama

Chifukwa chomwe "zomangamanga zatsopano" zimatchedwa "zatsopano" ndizogwirizana ndi zida zachikhalidwe monga "ndege yachitsulo", yomwe imathandizira kwambiri gawo la sayansi ndi ukadaulo.Ntchito yofananira ya mbiri yakale ya "chitukuko chatsopano" ndi "dziko" lomwe linaperekedwa ndi Purezidenti wa US Clinton mu 1993. "Information Superhighway", zomangamanga zazikuluzikulu za zomangamanga m'munda wa chidziwitso, ndondomekoyi yakhudza kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo adapanga ulemerero wamtsogolo wa chuma chambiri cha US.Mu nthawi ya chuma cha mafakitale, zomangamanga zimawonekera pakulimbikitsa chuma chakuthupi Kuthamanga ndi kuphatikizika kwa njira zoperekera;mu nthawi ya chuma digito, kulankhulana mafoni, deta lalikulu, nzeru yokumba ndi zipangizo zina maukonde zipangizo ndi malo deta malo zakhala zofunika ndi chilengedwe chonse.

"Mapangidwe atsopano" omwe akunenedwa pano ali ndi tanthauzo lalikulu komanso zolinga zantchito zambiri.Mwachitsanzo, 5G ndi yolumikizirana ndi mafoni, UHV ndi yamagetsi, njanji yothamanga kwambiri komanso mayendedwe apakati pa njanji ndi zoyendera, malo akulu azidziwitso ndi ntchito za intaneti ndi digito, ndipo nzeru zopangira komanso intaneti yamakampani ndi gawo lolemera komanso losiyanasiyana.Izi zitha kuyambitsa vuto kuti chilichonse chimalowetsedwamo, koma izi zimagwirizananso ndi mawu oti "zatsopano" chifukwa zatsopano zikukula nthawi zonse.

Mu 2019, mabungwe oyenerera adakonza nkhokwe ya polojekiti ya PPP, ndi ndalama zonse zokwana 17.6 thililiyoni, ndipo zomangamanga zikadali mutu waukulu, 7.1 thililiyoni yuan, wowerengera 41%;malo ndi malo achiwiri, 3.4 thililiyoni yuan, ndi 20%;"Njira zatsopano" ndi pafupifupi 100 biliyoni ya yuan, zomwe zimakhala pafupifupi 0.5%, ndipo kuchuluka kwake si kwakukulu.Malinga ndi ziwerengero za 21st Century Business Herald, kuyambira pa Marichi 5, mndandanda wa mapulani azachuma amtsogolo omwe aperekedwa ndi zigawo 24 ndi matauni afupikitsidwa, okhudza ma projekiti 22,000, okhala ndi yuan 47.6 thililiyoni, ndikuyika ndalama zokwana 8 thililiyoni. yuan mu 2020. Gawo la "zomangamanga zatsopano" lili kale pafupi ndi 10%.

Panthawi ya mliriwu, chuma cha digito chawonetsa nyonga zamphamvu, ndipo mitundu yambiri ya digito monga moyo wamtambo, ofesi yamtambo, ndi chuma chamtambo zakhala zikuphulika mwamphamvu, ndikuwonjezera chidwi chatsopano pakumanga kwa "mapangidwe atsopano".Pambuyo pa mliriwu, kulingalira za zolimbikitsa zachuma, "zomangamanga zatsopano" zidzakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi ndalama zambiri, ndikutsimikiziranso zoyembekeza zolimbikitsa kukula kwachuma.

Kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo m'madera asanu ndi awiri

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa madera asanu ndi awiri akuluakulu a "mapangidwe atsopano" akutengera chuma cha digito ndi chuma chanzeru.Makampani azitsulo adzapindula ndi mphamvu zatsopano za kinetic ndi mphamvu zatsopano zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi "zomangamanga zatsopano" kumtunda wapamwamba, komanso zidzakhala "Infrastructure" zimapereka zofunikira zofunikira.

Zosankhidwa ndi minda isanu ndi iwiri ndi mphamvu zazitsulo zazitsulo zazitsulo, kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, ndi njanji yothamanga kwambiri komanso yodutsa njanji, UHV, mulu wothamangitsa galimoto yatsopano, 5G base station, data center yaikulu, Internet mafakitale, luntha lochita kupanga.

Malinga ndi National Railway's "Thirteenth Five-year Plan" ya National Railway's Plan, njanji yothamanga kwambiri ya 2020 ikhala ma kilomita 30,000.Mu 2019, mtunda womwe ukuyenda wa njanji yothamanga kwambiri wafika makilomita 35,000, ndipo cholinga chapitilizidwa pasadakhale nthawi yake. ” zomwe njanji yothamanga kwambiri idzakhala makilomita a 2,000 Cholinga chake chidzakhala pa zofooka, ma intaneti obisika, ndi Kuchuluka kwa ndalama kudzakhala chimodzimodzi mu 2019. Makilomita 6,730 a mayendedwe amatauni m'dzikolo adzafika mtunda wa makilomita 6,730, kuwonjezeka kwa makilomita a 969, ndipo mphamvu yazachuma idzakhala yozungulira 700 biliyoni Motsogozedwa ndi ndondomeko yowonjezereka ya ndondomeko ya "infrastructure" yatsopano , Kulumikizana kwachigawo pansi pa makina a msana, ntchito zolembera. , ndiye intercity mkulu-liwiro njanji ndi intercity njanji zodutsa, adzakhala cholinga cha ntchito yomanga m'tsogolo Madera otukuka kwambiri zachuma, kufunika kwambiri, chigawo chotsatira ndi Yangtze Mtsinje Delta, Zhuhai Malinga ndi "Shanghai 2035. " plan, Changjiang, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei ndi Changjiang ipanga "tatu 1000 km" njanji zoyendera njanji zamatawuni, mizere yolumikizirana, ndi mizere yakomweko.Ndalama zokwana madola 100 miliyoni za US mu njanji zimafuna osachepera 0.333 zitsulo zogwiritsira ntchito Pali ndalama zokwana madola 1 thililiyoni a US kuti ayendetse kufunikira kwa matani 3333 azitsulo, ndipo kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yayitali ndi zipangizo zomangira ndi njanji.

UHV.Mundawu umayendetsedwa makamaka ndi State Grid.Tsopano zikuwonekeratu kuti mu 2020, ma UHV 7 adzavomerezedwa.Kukoka kwachitsulo kumeneku kumawonekera makamaka muzitsulo zamagetsi.Mu 2019, kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zamagetsi ndi matani 979, komwe kwakwera ndi 6.6% kangapo.Pambuyo pakuwonjezeka kwa ndalama za gridi zomwe zabweretsedwa ndi UHV, kufunikira kwazitsulo zamagetsi kukuyembekezeka kuwonjezeka.

Kulipiritsa mulu wa magalimoto atsopano amphamvu.Malinga ndi "New Energy Vehicle Industry Development Plan", chiŵerengero cha kuwonongeka ndi 1: 1, ndipo padzakhala milu yolipiritsa pafupifupi 7 miliyoni ku China pofika chaka cha 2025. Mulu wolipiritsa makamaka umaphatikizapo zida zothandizira, zingwe, mizati ndi zipangizo zina zothandizira. .Mulu wolipira wa 7KW umawononga pafupifupi 20,000, ndipo 120KW imafuna pafupifupi 150,000.Kuchuluka kwachitsulo kwa milu yaying'ono yolipiritsa kumachepetsedwa.Zazikuluzikulu zidzaphatikiza zitsulo zina zamabulaketi.Kuwerengeredwa pa avareji ya matani 0.5 aliyense, 7 miliyoni nalipira milu amafuna pafupifupi 350 matani zitsulo.

5G base station.Malinga ndi kuneneratu kwa China Information Communication Institute, ndalama za dziko langa pomanga maukonde a 5G zikuyembekezeka kufika 1.2 thililiyoni yuan pofika 2025;ndalama zogulira zida za 5G mu 2020 zidzakhala 90.2 biliyoni, zomwe 45.1 biliyoni zidzayikidwa pazida zazikulu, ndi zida zina zothandizira monga ma media tower masts zidzaphatikizidwa.Zomangamanga za 5G zimagawidwa m'mitundu iwiri ya ma macro base station ndi ma micro base station.Nsanja yayikulu yakunja ndi malo oyambira ma macro ndipo cholinga chake ndi zomangamanga zazikuluzikulu zamakono.Kumanga kwa macro base station kumapangidwa ndi zida zazikulu, zida zothandizira mphamvu, zomangamanga, ndi zina zambiri. Chitsulo chomwe chilipo ndi chipinda cha makina, makabati, makabati, miyeso ya nsanja yolumikizirana, ndi zina zambiri. chifukwa chochulukirachulukira, ndipo kulemera kwa nsanja wamba yamachubu atatu ndi pafupifupi matani 8.5, koma malo ambiri oyambira ndi masiteshoni ang'onoang'ono adzadalira 2/3/4G ndi zida zina zoyankhulirana.Ma Micro base station amayikidwa makamaka m'malo okhala ndi anthu ambiri, osagwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zochepa.Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zonse zoyendetsedwa ndi masiteshoni a 5G sikudzakhala kwakukulu.Pafupifupi molingana ndi ndalama zoyambira 5%, chitsulo chimafunika, ndipo ndalama zokwana madola thililiyoni pa 5G zimapangitsa kuti zitsulo zichuluke pafupifupi 50 biliyoni.

Big data Center, luntha lochita kupanga, intaneti yamakampani.The hardware ndalama makamaka mu zipinda kompyuta, maseva, etc., poyerekeza ndi zina zinayi madera, molunjika zitsulo mowa ndi zochepa.

Kuwona "New Infrastructure" Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zitsulo kuchokera ku Guangdong Samples

Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa zitsulo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera asanu ndi awiri akuluakulu zimasiyanasiyana, chifukwa maulendo a njanji amakhala ndi gawo lalikulu la ndalama zatsopano zopangira zomangamanga ndi zomangamanga, zidzakhala zoonekeratu kuti kulimbikitsa zitsulo.Malinga ndi mndandanda wa ma projekiti opangira ndalama omwe adasindikizidwa ndi Province la Guangdong, pali ntchito zomanga zazikulu 1,230 mu 2020, ndikuyika ndalama zokwana 5.9 thililiyoni yuan, ndi mapulojekiti oyambira 868, ndikuyika ndalama zokwana 3.4 thililiyoni.Zomangamanga zatsopanozi ndi ndendende 1 thililiyoni yuan, zomwe zimawerengera 10% ya dongosolo lonse la ndalama zokwana 9.3 thililiyoni.

Ponseponse, ndalama zonse zoyendera masitima apamtunda ndi masitima apamtunda ndi ma yuan biliyoni 906.9, zomwe ndi 90%.Chiwerengero cha ndalama za 90% ndi malo omwe ali ndi kachulukidwe kakang'ono kachitsulo, ndipo chiwerengero cha mapulojekiti 39 ndi chochulukirapo kuposa cha madera ena.sum.Malinga ndi zomwe bungwe la National Development and Reform Commission linanena, kuvomera kwa ntchito zoyendera njanji zapakati pa mizinda ndi m'matauni kwafikira kale ma thililiyoni.Tikuyembekezeredwa kuti derali likhala gawo lalikulu lazachuma pazomangamanga zatsopano malinga ndi kukula ndi kuchuluka kwake.

Choncho, "zomangamanga zatsopano" ndi mwayi kwa mafakitale azitsulo kuti apititse patsogolo ubwino wake ndi mphamvu zake, ndipo adzapanganso malo atsopano opangira zitsulo.